van choate



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

s. F. VAN OHOATE.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 286,241. Patented Oct. 9, 1883.

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(No Model.)

s. P. VAN GHOATE.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 9, 1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SlLVAXUS F. VAX CHOATE, OF NFHV YORK, N. Y.

'DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 286,2t1, dated October9, 1383. Application filed January 27, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, Sl'lNAXUS F. VAN CHOATE,a citizen of the United States, and aresident of New York, in the countyof New York and State of New York, havcinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention consists in improvements in the construction of electricalmachines, either for generating electricity or in those operated by theaid of electricity; and the nature and objects of the same may be knownby the following description, with the aid of the accompanying drawings,forming a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the frame or skeleton of a machineconstructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan, partly insection, of the same, taken on line A A of Fig. 1, looking downward.Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line B 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 1- is anendelevation of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 isa view, partly in plan or elevation andpartly in section, of the armature of my machine. Fig. 6 is a plan ofsaid armature, looking down upon the top of the same. Fig. 7 is asectional view taken on line C O of Fig. 5; while Figs. 8 and 9 areviews of the hub of my machine, the former figure being a side view, andthe latter a top view, of the same.

The first four figures in the drawings illustrate the frame or skeletonof the machine, wherein the letters A indicate the iron spool, uponwhich, and in the open spaces marked by the letters B, is wound the wireconstituting the helices of the so-called field-magnets. The spools Aare of solid iron, with flanges a of separate pieces; or they may beintegral. I prefer the latter.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and at, the letters D represent the pole-pieces, orwhat I call the jaws, of my machine. There are two pole-pieces orjawstop and bottom. They are preferably made each of one solid piece ofiron, or other metal which can be made magnetic, and are each exactly(or nearly so) the same shape and size, having lateral arms orextensions on either side, (marked 6,) which extend over 9 and embracethe tops of the spool A, to which they are firmly held by theboltsmarked 0.

It will be seen in Figs. land 8 that the pole-pieces or jaws have aportion or body extending downward and upward toward the horizontalcenter, or open space in the middle, and that the sides of theseextensions or bed ies, as shown by the letters (1 in. Figs. 2 and 3,extend partly around and downward and upward along the sides of thespools A, and exactly parallel with said spools, and at right angles tothe top and bottom of said pole-pieces or jaws, and that theseextensions are curved exactly to fit the shape or contour and abutagainst and partly surround the outside surface of the helices of thespools A, as shown also by the letters (6 in Figs. 1 and 2. This featureof my invention is important, as it not only allows the magnetisminduced in the solid core of the spools A to pass into and charge thepole-pieces orjaws, but the coils of the helices also act directly tocharge the approximate or abutting parallel sides of the pole-pieces orjaws, whereby a greater mag netic force and a greater economy areobtained than if the said pole-pieces or jaws were separated, or fartheraway from the helices.

The armature of my machine revolves in the SOlIllClJTC/Hldl hollowgroove marked by the letters E in Figs. 2 and 3; and it will be seenthat the helices of the armature passthepoints or sides of thepole-pieces or jaws markedby the letters 0 in Figs. 2 and 3 on eitherside, very near the sides of the helices of the spools A, and that thelines of the wire on the ad jacent sides of both the armature and thoseof the fieldanagnets are parallel to each other, and that thelines ofmagnetic force are cut at right angles by the said lines of wire uponthe armature, whereby the proper conditions for obtaining increasedmagnetic effects are ob tained.

In connection with the above, it must be taken into account, also, thatin my invention the armature in my machine revolves lengthwise in thedirection from one field-magnet to the other, and exactly between themand perpendicular to them or with them, there being only two singlestraight upright fieldmagnets-one on either side-and that so far as thesides or projections of the pole-pieces or jaws at the letters 0, Fig.3, fit the contour of the helices of the iield-magncts, they areequivalcnt to another core of the helices of the said fieldanagnets atthese points, and consequentl y receive a sub-charge by induction fromthe said helices. The strands of wire on the revol ving helices of thearmature, when at these points, receive an induced charge, as if theywere moving immediately against (or nearly so) the cores of thefield-magnets, without the separation of the spaces occupied by the wireon the spools of the magnets A. The advantage and simplicity of thispart of my invention are obvious to any one conversant with electricalscience without further detail of de scription.

In Figs. 5, 6, 7 8, and 9 the mechanical construction of the armature ofmy machine is shown, and relates exclusively to the manner of bindingthe magnets together and securing them to the hub of the machine.

The armature in my machine is of that type commonly known as a Pacinottiring; but instead of being a solid ring, it is built up of as manywedge-shaped magnets or segments as there are coils or helices, in amanner similar to that described and set forth in a prior applicationfiled by me June 12, 1882, except that the manner of binding togetherand securing the magnets to the hub of the machine is in the presentcase entirely different from my said prior application. In this case thehub of the machine is marked by the letters F, and shown in Figs. 5, 6,7, 8, and 9. It is made of some non-magnetic material, preferably ofbrass composition, and in the shape shown in the said figures.

111 Figs. 8 and 9 it will be seen the hub is formed octagonal to holdeight magnets. It has eight flat faces marked 9, to fit the surface ofthe wire 011 the helices, and eight transverse grooves marked j, andformed around its periphery. These grooves receive and holdcorresponding projections or elongations of the spool-heads or flangesof the coils,which project inwardly toward the axis of the ring in themanner shown in Fig. 5 by the letters l1. This arrangement is somethinglike the cogs and teeth in the gearing of an epicycloid, orsun-and-planet wheel, the projections of the magnets answering for theteeth of the gear and matching in the grooves in the hub, the differencebeing that the projections of the magnets extend entirely around thecircumference of the hub. It will-be noticed that the end projections oftwo magnets abut together to form one cog or tooth, or that a part ofthe projection of one magnet sets in the notch or groove with a mate orsimilar projection of another magnet, and so on all aroundthe hub,

- and, being slightly wedge-shaped, when keyed or pressed up from theoutside, fit tightly in the grooves and bring the two abutting surfacesof the magnets firmly together. In this position it will be seen thatthe hub, on turning, would carry the magnets around with it,providedthey did not fly off by centrifugal force, which is prevented bythe tying-bars marked by the letters 17, and the screw-bolts k.

The bars iare countersunk, so as to be flush with the outer surface ofthe periphery of the magnet; or they may lie on top of such surface. Iprefer the former construction. They extend from one magnet to theother, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and are securely fastened by the boltskone in either magnet-in the manner clearly shown in the drawings. I Theslots or grooves j in the hub, Figs. 8 and 9, are cut or formed entirelyacross its periphery, so that the magnets singly or collectively can beslid in and out of the grooves sidewise in either direction, and any onemagnet can be disconnected and taken away from the hub or from the ringby disconnecting the bolts a I and k and bars a by sliding it out at theside or by lifting it upward or outward. The magnets are held to thehub, and prevented from lateral movement by the side plates shown inFigs. 5, 6, and 7, and marked bythe letters Z. These plates are thinflat circular hollow disks or rings of metal fitting over the ends orprojections of the hubone on each sideand'secured to the sides of thehub by the screw-bolts m, and to the projections of the magnets by thesmaller bolts n. and bolts also serve to hold the magnets down to thehub and overcome the centrifugal force. They alsoprevent the ring fromfalling asunder or away from the hub when one or more magnets areremoved. When the plates Z are bolted on, a single magnet, or any numberof them, can be removed from the series by removing the bolts and bars,as above stated, by liftingthe magnets upward or outward from the axisof the ring, and, vice versa, returned and secured without in the leastdisturbing any other -magnet remaining 011 the hub. The wire is wound inthe grooves 1). (Shown in the magnets in Fig. 5.) The axle or shaft ofthe machine fits in the opening formed in the center of the hub, and issupported by suitable journals and bearings in the ordinary manner,which it is not thought necessary to further describe. The heads of thebolts m and n are at each side in Figs. (land 7. The cores of Figs. 5,G, and 7, the former being in elevation and the latter in section. Thehub is also shown in section in Fig. 7. 4

The dotted lines 1' indicate the centers of the magnets, whereby theymay be pivoted in a lathe for winding the helices.

The magnets are indicated by the letters 8 in Fig. 5.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is- 1, The combination, with the magnetsor spools A, of the jaws or pole-pieces D, the sides of which, at d,extend along the sides of the spools A, and are curved so as to fit theshape or contour of the helices on the spools, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the two magnetspools A, of the intermediatepole-pieces or.

being grooved in a plane coinciding with the shown in side elevation inFig. 5, and in plan,

the magnets are indicated by the letters f in jaws, D, in line withspools A, said pole-pieces These plates vertical plane in which thespools A lie, and having their outside vertical edges in close proximityto said spools, all as set forth, so that the armature and the spools ofwirethereon may be subjected to the inductive action of the spools andthe wire on said spools, as well as to the action of the pole-pieces.

3. The combination, with the hub F, having transverse grooves, asdescribed, of the magnets having spool-heads or flanges resting in saidgrooves.

4. The combination, with thehub F, having transverse grooves, asdescribed, of the magnets having abutting heads or flanges, each pair ofsaid abutting flanges resting in the same transverse groove.

SILYANUS F. VAN (HOATIL \Vitnesses:

Ti-ios. Tommy, Lino. (J. Comm.

